肠道菌群与自身免疫性甲状腺疾病相关性的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

肠道菌群是人体共生的重要组成部分,对宿主的营养、代谢、屏障、免疫至关重要,菌群稳态受损会引起胃肠道及全身疾病。自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITD)是一种器官特异性自身免疫性疾病,其发病机制尚不明确,目前认为与遗传易感性、环境因素、免疫失衡有关,其中免疫失衡是核心因素。近年研究表明,和健康人群相比,AITD患者的肠道菌群存在明显差异。本文通过探讨肠道菌群参与AITD发生发展的可能机制以及AITD患者肠道菌群的特征变化,以期为AITD的诊断及治疗提供新视角。

The gut microbiota is an important component of human symbiosis, which is crucial for the host’s nutrition, metabolism, barrier, and immunity. Impaired microbiota homeostasis can cause gas-trointestinal and systemic diseases. Autoimmune Thyroid disease (AITD) is an organ specific au-toimmune disease, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. At present, it is believed that it is related to genetic susceptibility, environmental factors, and immune imbalance, of which immune imbalance is the core factor. Recent studies have shown that the gut microbiota of AITD patients is significantly different from that of healthy people. This article discusses the possible mechanism of gut microbiota participating in the occurrence and development of AITD and the characteristic changes of gut microbiota in AITD patients, in order to provide a new perspective for the diagnosis and treatment of AITD.