早期活动对外科患者术后恢复影响的研究进展

Research Progress of the Influence of Early Ambulation on Postoperative Recovery of Surgical Patients

加速康复外科(ERAS)指出早期活动可促进呼吸、胃肠、肌肉骨骼等多系统功能恢复,有利于预防肺部感染、压疮和下肢深静脉血栓形成。提倡医务工作者术后应该积极动员患者,鼓励患者达到每日动员目标。本文从外科患者术后早期活动不同活动量、不同活动形式对患者术后恢复的作用、早期活动对特殊人群术后恢复的影响、早期活动相关的安全问题、提高早期活动依从性的方法进行综述,以期为医护人员对影响术后恢复的早期活动的认识和活动方案的制定提供参考。

Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) states that early ambulation promotes recovery of respir-atory, gastrointestinal, and musculoskeletal functions, and can help prevent lung infections, pres-sure sores, and deep vein thrombosis of the lower extremities, advocates that medical workers should actively mobilize patients after surgery and encourage patients to reach the daily mobiliza-tion goal. This paper summarized the effects of early ambulation of different levels or forms on the postoperative recovery of patients, also the impact on special surgical populations, the safety issues related to early ambulation, and the methods to improve the patients’ compliance. By dressing such issues, we hope to provide references for the medical staff to understand what kind of early ambu-lation will benefit the patients, thereafter to set proper ambulation protocols.