中枢性性早熟诊断研究进展

Progress in Diagnosis of Central Precocious Puberty

性早熟(precocious puberty, PP)是儿童青春期内分泌常见疾病,主要表现为女童7.5岁前、男童9岁前出现生长突增、第二性征生殖器官较同龄儿童快速发育的一种儿童内分泌疾病。CPP诊断的金标准是进行促性腺激素释放激素(Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone, GnRH)激发试验,该方法的缺点是费用高、检测手段相对繁琐,需要对患儿固定时间点进行多次抽血,采取此种方法需要患儿及家长配合,对临床诊疗造成一定困扰。所以很多研究人员设法将临床、生化和影像学特征用来筛查和诊断CPP,目前的研究趋势是找到更准确和简单的CPP诊断方法。本文将对青春期的定义及调控因素作简单介绍以及对CPP的诊断研究进展进行阐述。

Precocious puberty (precocious puberty, PP) is a common endocrine disease in puberty, which is mainly characterized by the sudden growth of girls before the age of 7.5 and boys before the age of 9, and the secondary sexual reproductive organs develop more rapidly than children of the same age. The gold standard of CPP diagnosis is gonadotropin releasing hormone (Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone, GnRH) stimulation test. The disadvantage of this method is high cost, detection method is relatively cumbersome, and it is necessary to draw blood for many times at a fixed time. This method requires the cooperation of children and parents, which causes some trouble to clinical di-agnosis and treatment. Therefore, many researchers try to use clinical, biochemical and imaging features to screen and diagnose CPP. The current research trend is to find more accurate and simple methods for CPP diagnosis. This review will briefly introduce the definition and regulatory factors of puberty, as well as the progress in the diagnosis of CPP.