胆管结石形成机制的研究进展

Research Progress in the Formation Mechanism of Bile Duct Stones

胆管结石在我国是一种发病率较高、并发症多、治疗难度大的疾病,多继发于细菌感染和胆汁淤积。内镜下胆道支架植入术是治疗胆管结石的有效手段,但术后细菌感染所致的结石复发和支架堵塞仍旧是一大难题。本篇综述探讨了胆管结石(包括原发性胆管结石和胆道支架复发结石)的形成机制,尤其是胆道微生物在其中所起的作用,并总结了抗菌型胆道支架的最新研究进展。

Bile duct stone is a refractory disease with high incidence and many complications in China, which forms secondary to bacterial infections and cholestasis. Endoscopic biliary stent implantation is an effective method for the treatment of bile duct stones, but the stone recurrence and stent obstruction caused by postoperative bacterial infection are still thorny problems. This article reviewed the mechanisms in the formation of bile duct stones (including primary bile duct stones and recurrent biliary stent stones), especially the role of biliary microbiota. The latest studies of antibacterial biliary stents were also summarized.