静脉血栓栓塞相关危险因素的研究进展

Progress on the Risk Factors Related to Ve-nous Thromboembolism

静脉血栓栓塞(VTE)是全球第三大常见死亡原因。不同国家的静脉血栓栓塞的发生率不同。在发生静脉血栓栓塞的患者中,已经发现了许多危险因素,但每个危险因素对血栓形成风险的相对贡献,以及发病机制,还没有被充分描述。本文拟就脉血栓栓塞不同危险因素的流行率、导致静脉血栓栓塞的潜在分子机制/致病介质以及VTE最常见的危险因素,包括男性、糖尿病、肥胖、吸烟、纤溶酶原激活剂抑制剂-1、口服避孕药和激素替代、癌症、抗磷脂综合征、冠状病毒2 (SARS-CoV-2)感染、轻伤和骨折、手术、怀孕进行综述。

Vous thromboembolism (VTE) is the third most common cause of death worldwide. The incidence of VTE varies in different countries. Many risk factors have been identified in patients with VTE, but the relative contribution of each risk factor to thrombosis risk, as well as the pathogenesis, has not been fully described. This review addresses the prevalence of different risk factors for pulse thromboembolism, potential molecular mechanisms/pathogenic mediators of VTE, and the most common risk factors for VTE, including male sex, diabetes, obesity, smoking, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, oral contraceptives and hormone replacement, cancer, coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in-fection, minor injuries and fractures, surgery, pregnancy, antiphospholipid syndrome.