肠道中特异性菌群促进结直肠癌发生发展的研究进展

Research Progress of Specific Intestinal Flora Promoting the Occurrence and Development of Colorectal Cancer

结直肠癌(colorectal cancer, CRC)是世界上常见的消化道恶性肿瘤,也是死亡率最高的癌症之一,且发病率呈现逐年上升的趋势。近年来基于测序技术和宏基因组学的大量研究显示,肠道菌群失调与CRC的发生发展具有密切联系。尤其是具核梭杆菌(Fusobacterium nucleatum, F. nucleatum)、产肠毒素脆弱拟杆菌(Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, ETBF)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli, E. coli)等特异性菌群与CRC的发生紧密相关,因此本文结合国内外最新的研究进展,就这些特异性菌群可能的致癌作用机制作一综述,以期为未来CRC的诊断及治疗提供新的方向。

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor of the digestive tract in the world, and it is also one of the cancers with the highest mortality rate, and the incidence is increasing year by year. In recent years, a large number of studies based on sequencing technology and metagenomics have shown that intestinal flora imbalance is closely related to the occurrence and development of CRC. In particular, specific bacteria such as Fusobacterium nucleatum, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fra-gilis and Escherichia coli are closely related to the occurrence of CRC. Therefore, this article reviews the possible carcinogenic mechanisms of these specific bacteria based on the latest research pro-gress at home and abroad, in order to provide new directions for the diagnosis and treatment of CRC in the future.