EGFR突变性非小细胞肺癌靶向治疗的研究进展

Advances in Targeted Therapy for EGFR Mu-tated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

随着精准医学和生物技术的发展,EGFR突变性非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)已经有多种表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)用于临床治疗,这些靶向药物的临床应用使得NSCLC的治疗效果更加得益于患者,治疗水平也得到了很大的提升。但是,EGFR-TKI药物在有效的同时,不可避免的也产生了耐药性。目前研究表明,三代不同EGFR-TKI药物在临床上的使用各自存在一些差异,包括疗效、安全性、副反应及耐药机制等。EGFR-TKI包括第一代EGFR-TKI (厄洛替尼和吉非替尼)、第二代EGFR-TKI (阿法替尼和达克替尼)和第三代EGFR-TKI (奥希替尼和阿美替尼)。对此,精准用药使患者获得最大获益是非常重要的。本文对EGFR基因突变和非小细胞肺癌靶向治疗的相关研究情况进行综述。

With the development of precision medicine and biotechnology, EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has been used in a variety of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine ki-nase inhibitors (TKIs) for clinical treatment, and the clinical application of these targeted drugs has made the treatment effect of NSCLC more beneficial to patients, and the treatment level has been greatly improved. However, while EGFR-TKI drugs are effective, they inevitably develop drug re-sistance. Current studies have shown that there are some differences in the clinical use of three generations of EGFR-TKI drugs, including efficacy, safety, side effects and drug resistance mecha-nisms. EGFR-TKI includes first-generation EGFR-TKI (erlotinib and gefitinib), second-generation EGFR-TKI (afatinib and dapatinib), and third-generation EGFR-TKI (osimertinib and ametinib). In this regard, it is important that precision medicine maximizes the benefits of patients. This article reviews the research on EGFR gene mutation and targeted therapy for non-small cell lung cancer.