单纯疱疹病毒1型感染致Mollaret脑膜炎继发癫痫发作:1例报道并文献综述

Mollaret’s Meningitis with Secondary Seizure Caused by Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1: A Case Report and Literature Review

目的:报告1例单纯疱疹病毒1型(Herpes simplex virus type 1, HSV-1)感染致Mollaret脑膜炎(Mollaret’s meningitis)继发癫痫发作的病例,旨在提高临床医生对该病的认识。方法:回顾性分析我院确诊的1例Mollaret脑膜炎患者的临床资料,并结合相关文献进行总结。结果:患者临床以反复发热伴头疼,及继发癫痫发作为特点,脑脊液二代测序(next-generation sequencing, NGS)检查发现HSV-1核酸序列阳性,诊断为Mollaret脑膜炎,经抗病毒及对症治疗1周后症状完全缓解。结论:Mollaret脑膜炎是临床少见疾病,由HSV-1感染更是少见,易误诊、漏诊,应提高早期识别率,减少不必要的检查及治疗。

Objective: We aimed to report a case of Mollaret’s meningitis with secondary seizure caused by herpes simplex virus type 1, thereby improving clinicians’ understanding of this disease. Methods: The clinical data of a case of Mollaret’s meningitis were retrospectively analyzed, and discussed in combination with the literature. Results: The symptoms of this patient were characterized by re-current fever, headache and secondary seizure. The next-generation sequencing on cerebrospinal fluid detected positive HSV-1. In light of that, he was diagnosed as Mollaret’s meningitis, and his symptoms were completely relieved by antiviral and symptomatic treatment for about one week. Conclusion: Since Mollaret’s meningitis is a rare disease, especially caused by HSV-1, it is easy to be misdiagnosed and missed. Therefore, early identification of mollaret’s meningitis is particularly important for reducing unnecessary examinations and treatments.