民族地区新生儿神经重症监护单元及脑损伤防治体系的构建

Construction of Neonatal Neurointensive Care Unit and Brain Injury Prevention System in Ethnic Areas

新生儿神经重症监护单元(Neonatal Neural-Intensive Care Unit, NNICU)的建设水平及规模参差不齐,模式不统一,存在明显的地区性差异,经济发达地区建设起步早,设施完善,医务人员素质相对较高。对于相对落后的西部民族地区,尚未建立相应体系。为进一步降低脑损伤患儿的死亡率及后遗症率,亟待加强NNICU及脑损伤防治体系的建设。本文从新生儿神经重症监护单元建设现状、必要性及民族地区新生儿神经重症监护单元建设意义着手,结合本地区现状从设施、设备准备、团队建立、符合入住患儿管理等方面探索建立民族地区NNICU及脑损伤防治体系的建设经验并推广。

The construction level and scale of neonatal neurointensive care units (NICUs) vary widely, with in-consistent models and obvious regional differences. Economically more developed areas have early developments, the facilities are more complete, and the quality of medical staff is relatively higher. For the relatively backward western ethnic areas, a corresponding system has not yet been estab-lished. In order to further reduce the mortality and sequelae rate of children with brain injury, it is urgent to strengthen the construction of NICUs and brain injury prevention and treatment system. This paper starts with the status quo and necessity of the construction of NICUs, and the significance of building NICUs in ethnic areas. We present our experiences in establishing NICUs and brain inju-ry prevention system in ethnic minority areas including facilities and equipment preparation, team building, and management of children admitted to the hospital, in the hopes of promoting this ex-perience.