维持性血液透析患者血管钙化的研究进展

Research Progress on Vascular Calcification in Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients

血管钙化(vascular calcification, VC)是慢性肾脏病(chronic kidney disease, CKD)患者常见的血管病变,可加重心脏后负荷,可导致心脏缺血、左室肥厚和心力衰竭,从而导致透析患者心血管事件的发生率及死亡率的增高。血管钙化根据发生位置主要可分为内膜钙化和中膜钙化。VC在CKD中发病机制复杂,涉及多种因素和机制,且临床上尚缺乏有效的VC治疗方法。因此本文将从、流行病学、发病机制、危险因素、诊断及治疗等方面对维持性血液透析患者血管钙化研究加以阐述。

Vascular calcification (VC) is a common vascular lesion in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), which can exacerbate cardiac afterload, lead to myocardial ischemia, left ventricular hypertrophy, and heart failure, thereby increasing the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular events in dialy-sis patients. Vascular calcification can be mainly divided into intimal calcification and media calcifi-cation based on its location. The pathogenesis of VC in CKD is complex, involving multiple factors and mechanisms, and there is still a lack of effective VC treatment methods in clinical practice. Therefore, this article will elaborate on the study of vascular calcification in maintenance hemodi-alysis patients from the perspectives of epidemiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, diagnosis and treatment.