骨质疏松症与干眼关系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between Osteoporosis and Dry Eye

干眼病是由于泪腺泪液分泌减少,泪水蒸发增加或泪液质量差引起,会导致眼表炎症、损伤及神经感觉异常。骨质疏松是一种与炎症和激素失衡相关的多因素疾病,特点是骨量减少、骨微结构破坏和骨脆性增加,这些都会增加骨折的风险。干眼病和骨质疏松有共同的危险因素和流行病学特征,炎症和性激素缺乏已被证明是这两种疾病的基础。有研究报道,骨质疏松通过调节性激素水平、嘌呤能信号传导以及维生素D的水平等方面来影响干眼的发生发展。然而,很少提到这两种疾病的相关性。本文通过对骨质疏松症与干眼病之间的潜在关系进行系统性回顾,介绍骨质疏松与干眼的流行病学、危险因素、发病机制以及近年来主要的治疗手段,为临床医生提供参考。

Dry eye disease is caused by reduced tear secretion from the lacrimal gland, increased tear evapo-ration or poor tear quality, which can lead to ocular surface inflammation, damage and abnormal nerve sensation. Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease associated with inflammation and hormo-nal imbalance, characterized by reduced bone mass, destruction of bone microarchitecture, and in-creased bone fragility, which increase the risk of fractures. Dry eye disease and osteoporosis share common risk factors and epidemiological features, and inflammation and sex hormone deficiencies have been shown to underlie both diseases. Studies have reported that osteoporosis affects the oc-currence and development of dry eye by regulating sex hormone levels, purinergic signaling, and vitamin D levels. However, the correlation between these two diseases is rarely mentioned. This ar-ticle conducts a systematic review of the potential relationship between osteoporosis and dry eye disease, introduces the epidemiology, risk factors, pathogenesis, and main treatments in recent years of osteoporosis and dry eye disease, and provides a reference for clinicians.