股腘动脉病变的血管腔内治疗最新进展

The Latest Advances in Endovascular Treat-ment for Femoropopliteal Artery Disease

全世界有超过2亿人患有外周动脉疾病(Peripheral Arterial Diseases, PAD)或其最严重的表现形式——危重肢体缺血(Critical Limb Ischemia, CLI)。尽管血管内治疗已成为大多数患者的首选治疗方法,但对于股腘动脉(Femoral-Popliteal, FP)疾病的最佳治疗仍面临诸多挑战,特别是当这些病变存在严重钙化、慢性完全闭塞(Chronictotal Occlusion, CTOs)或支架再狭窄(In-Stent Restenosis, ISR)时。但随着技术的不断进步,血管内治疗的效果显著改善。当前,许多新的材料正在积极研发中。其中包括新型的紫杉醇药物涂层支架和球囊,以及可吸收支架。这些创新材料的研发,为治疗各种类型的病变提供了新的选择。此外,血管内碎石术也被广泛应用于钙化病变的治疗,同时静脉滴注抗再狭窄药物也被用来减少再狭窄的发生率。另外,经皮股腘动脉旁路移植术等新的治疗方法也在不断涌现。

Over 200 million people worldwide suffer from Peripheral Arterial Diseases (PAD) or its most se-vere form, Critical Limb Ischemia (CLI). While endovascular treatments have become the preferred approach for the majority of patients, the optimal treatment for Femoral-Popliteal (FP) disease still presents many challenges, particularly in cases of severe calcification, Chronic Total Occlusions (CTOs), or In-Stent Restenosis (ISR). However, with advancing technology, the effectiveness of endovascular interventions has significantly improved. Currently, many new materials are actively being developed. These include novel paclitaxel coated stents and balloons, as well as absorbable scaffolds. The development of these innovative materials provides new options for treating various types of lesions. In addition, intravascular lithotripsy is widely used for the treatment of calcified le-sions, and intravenous infusion of antirestenosis drugs is used to reduce restenosis rates. Further-more, new treatment methods such as percutaneous femoral-popliteal bypass grafting are con-stantly emerging.