终末期肝病继发真菌感染的研究进展

Research Progress on Fungal Infections in Patients with End-Stage Liver Disease

由于长期反复住院、免疫功能严重受损、过度使用广谱抗生素以及侵袭性操作增加等因素,终末期肝病(End-Stage Liver Disease, ESLD)患者的真菌感染在临床上呈现出增长的趋势。但因为其临床表现不典型,早期诊断存在困难,临床漏诊率较高,ESLD一旦发生真菌感染往往预后较差。因此,本文主要探讨近年来关于ESLD患者合并真菌感染的流行病学情况、易感因素、临床表现以及抗真菌药物使用等方面内容。

Invasive fungal infections are becoming more common in patients with end-stage liver disease (ESLD) due to prolonged hospital stay, impaired immune function, abuse of broad-spectrum antibi-otics, and an increase in the number of invasive procedures. Given its atypical clinical manifesta-tions and challenging early diagnosis, ESLD often carries a grim prognosis once secondary fungal infection occurs. Therefore, this paper primarily focuses on the recent epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentations, and utilization of antifungal medications in ESLD patients with fungal infec-tions.