活化性CD8⁺ T细胞在不明原因儿童急性肝衰竭中的研究进展

Research Progress of Activated CD8⁺ T Cells in Indeterminate Pediatric Acute Liver Failure

儿童急性肝衰竭(PALF)是一种起病急骤,进展迅速,累及多个系统的临床综合征,目前仍有30%~50%患者尚无法明确病因,称为不明原因儿童急性肝衰竭(iPALF)。虽然这类患者发病机制尚不明确,但越来越多的证据表明,免疫失调在其中起到了极为重要的作用,近年来有研究发现肝脏组织记忆CD8+ T淋巴细胞(CD8+ TRM)与iPALF的发生发展密切相关。本文综述了活化性CD8+ T细胞及其相关炎症通路在iPALF中的作用机制,以期为iPALF患者的临床诊疗,预后判断及治疗方法提供新思路。

Pediatric acute liver failure (PALF) is a clinical syndrome with rapid onset, rapid progression, and multiple systems. In up to 30%~50% of cases of pediatric acute liver failure no known etiology and pathogenesis can be found, and are referred to as indeterminate pediatric acute liver failure (iPALF). Although the pathogenesis in these patients is not well understood, there is growing evi-dence that immune dysregulation is extremely important in it. In recent years, it has been found that Tissue-resident memory T cells (CD8+ TRM) are closely associated with the development of iPALF. The mechanism of activated CD8+ T cells and their related inflammatory pathways and im-mune pathways were reviewed, in order to provide new ideas for clinical diagnosis and treatment, prognosis and therapeutic approaches for patients with iPALF.