颅内静脉窦血栓形成的治疗进展

Advancements in the Treatment of Intracranial Venous Sinus Thrombosis

颅内静脉窦血栓形成是一种独特的脑血管疾病,具有高度变化和不可预测的临床过程,尽管进行了治疗,仍有部分患者发生死亡或遗留慢性头痛不能重返工作岗位。抗凝治疗被认为是主要的手段及目标,以此改善局部灌注,避免更严重的神经功能缺损。随着技术的发展,越来越多神经介入装置也随之优化,血管内治疗也被多数临床医师考虑来治疗抗凝无效或重症患者,然而当前对于颅内静脉窦血栓干预时机的选择,手术方式以及预后评价量表等暂未统一,本文就当前的治疗进展作一综述。

Intracranial venous sinus thrombosis is a unique cerebrovascular disease characterized by a highly variable and unpredictable clinical course. Despite treatment efforts, some patients still experience mortality or persistent chronic headaches that hinder their return to work. Anticoagulation therapy is considered a primary and targeted approach to improve local perfusion and prevent more severe neurological deficits. With technological advancements, an increasing number of neurointerventional devices have been optimized, and endovascular treatments are increasingly considered by clinicians to address cases of anticoagulation ineffectiveness or severe conditions. However, there is currently no unified consensus on the timing of intervention, surgical methods, and prognostic assessment scales for intracranial venous sinus thrombosis. This article provides a comprehensive review of the current advancements in treatment.