摘要
新辅助化疗(Neoadjuvant chemotherapy, NAC)为处于局部晚期的乳腺癌患者提供了手术治疗的可能性,从而显著改善了他们的预后情况。尽管如此,有些患者在当前的化疗计划中并未受益,这导致了他们的病情进一步恶化,失去了彻底治愈的机会。研究与NAC治疗效果有关的预测指标可以帮助我们更好地识别患者的不同治疗反应,并据此进行个性化的治疗方案。至今,诸如肿瘤的大小、组织学的分类、分子的亚型、Ki-67、中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞的比率以及肿瘤对淋巴细胞的浸润等多个因素已经被证明可以预测NAC的治疗效果。目前,基因的表达模式和肿瘤的微观环境成为研究领域的焦点。但是,目前的研究在预测NAC的治疗效果上仍有其局限。本篇文章全面回顾了关于疗效预测指标的最新科研进展。
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) has increased the opportunity for surgery and improved the prognosis of patients with locally advanced breast cancer. However, there are still some patients who cannot benefit from the current chemotherapy regimens, leading to disease progression and losing the opportunity to cure their tumors permanently. Identification of predictors associated with response to NAC could help distinguish patients who respond differently to treatment so that individualized treatment can be implemented. So far, it has been confirmed that multiple factors can be used as predictors of NAC response, including tumor size, histological grade, molecular subtype, Ki-67, neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, etc. Among them, gene expression profiles and tumor microenvironments are the current research hotspots. However, as far as the prediction of NAC efficacy is concerned, the studies done are still limited. This article reviews the latest studies on predictors of efficacy.
出处
《临床医学进展》
2024年第3期116-123,共8页
Advances in Clinical Medicine
