肝移植术后胆道吻合口狭窄:现状和进展

Biliary Anastomotic Strictures after Liver Transplantation: Current Status and Advances

肝移植已成为治疗终末期肝病的重要方法。但胆道并发症依然是肝移植术后主要并发症,尤其胆道吻合口狭窄。这严重影响患者术后的生存质量,甚至可能导致移植后患者肝功能衰竭或死亡。因此,进一步了解胆道吻合口狭窄的危险因素对改善患者的预防和治疗至关重要。本文旨在系统综合现有研究,分析肝移植术后胆道吻合口狭窄的危险因素及其机制,探讨诊断方法、治疗策略,并提出预防措施,为临床实践提供指导。

Liver transplantation has become an important method for treating end-stage liver disease. However, biliary complications remain the major postoperative complications of liver transplantation, especially biliary anastomotic strictures. This seriously affects the postoperative quality of life of patients and may even lead to liver function failure or death in transplant recipients. Therefore, further understanding of the risk factors for biliary anastomotic stricture is crucial to improve patient prevention and treatment. This article aims to systematically synthesize existing research, analyze the risk factors and mechanisms of biliary anastomotic stricture after liver transplantation, explore diagnostic methods, and treatment strategies, and propose preventive measures to provide guidance for clinical practice.