蛋白质组学技术在术后谵妄中的研究进展

Advances in Proteomics Research in Postoperative Delirium

术后谵妄的病因病理非常复杂,其诊断主要依赖于主观的神经量表,因此对它们的诊断和治疗缺乏有效的方法。蛋白质组学研究主要是对生理与病理状态下的体液、组织或细胞中的蛋白质进行大通量的综合分析,并识别蛋白质表达的动态特征,这不仅可从蛋白质水平上揭示疾病的本质,还有助于全面探讨其病理机制,建立诊断标准,发现药物治疗靶点。蛋白质组学为术后谵妄的研究提供了有效的方法和手段。特别是针对术后谵妄的外泌体蛋白质组学研究极少,本文简要介绍了蛋白质组学在样品分离、定量、质谱检测及生物信息学等方面的技术发展,并对基于蛋白质组学在术后谵妄物标志物发现的研究进展进行综述。

The etiology and pathology of postoperative delirium are highly complex, and its diagnosis mainly relies on subjective neurological scales, thus lacking effective methods for diagnosis and treatment. Proteomics research mainly involves high-throughput comprehensive analysis of proteins in body fluids, tissues, or cells under physiological and pathological states, and identifying the dynamic characteristics of protein expression. This not only reveals the nature of diseases at the protein level but also helps to thoroughly explore their pathological mechanisms, establish diagnostic criteria, and discover targets for drug treatment. Proteomics offers effective methods and means for the study of postoperative delirium. Especially, research on exosomal proteomics in postoperative delirium is scarce. This article briefly introduces the technical developments in proteomics in sample separation, quantification, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatics, and reviews the research progress in the discovery of biomarkers for postoperative delirium based on proteomics.