早产儿脑室内出血的治疗进展

Advances in Treatment of Intraventricular Hemorrhage in Premature Infants

脑室内出血(Intraventricular hemorrhage, IVH)是早产的主要并发症。IVH的幸存者通常患有脑积水和白质损伤。白质损伤归因于血液诱导的轴突和成熟少突胶质细胞前体损伤,导致髓鞘形成减少和轴突损失。脑积水是由于血凝块阻塞脑脊液循环、脑脊液产生增加、淋巴管所致。本文综述了IVH脑损伤的新机制,以及缓解IVH幸存者出血性脑白质损伤和脑积水的近期治疗方法。

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a major complication of preterm labor. Survivors of IVH often suffer from hydrocephalus and white matter damage. White matter damage was attributed to blood-induced axonal and mature oligodendrocyte precursor damage, resulting in decreased myelination and axonal loss. Hydrocephalus is due to blood clots blocking cerebrospinal fluid circulation, increased production of cerebrospinal fluid, lymphatics. This article reviews the new mechanism of IVH brain injury and the recent treatment methods to alleviate hemorrhagic white matter injury and hydrocephalus in IVH survivors.