中性粒细胞免疫调节在骨组织愈合中的研究进展

Research Progress on Neutrophil Immune Regulation in Bone Tissue Healing

骨组织受到损伤后,会激发一系列免疫和炎症反应,这些反应在骨微环境中的启动、调节以及最终的恢复过程对骨愈合结果起着至关重要的作用。精确、主动调控免疫细胞反应有利于实现炎性控制和良好骨再生。中性粒细胞作为先天性免疫系统的第一道防线,在骨损伤因子的诱导下,骨髓和系统中性粒细胞可迁移至骨损伤部位,与局部中性粒细胞发挥重要功能,包括吞噬、脱颗粒、释放活性氧(reactive oxygen species, ROS)和中性粒细胞胞外诱捕网(neutrophil extracellular traps, NETs)。在骨愈合过程中,中性粒细胞数量、活性、表型和效应功能变化都会改变骨愈合的最终结果。因此本文就中性粒细胞在骨愈合过程中的时序性、表型和功能可塑性调控进行综述。

Bone injury will trigger immune-inflammatory responses in varying degrees. And the occurrence, regulation and conclusion of inflammatory responses in the bone micro-environment have a significant impact on the outcomes of bone healing. Precise and active regulation of immune cell responses is conducive to inflammatory control and favorable bone regeneration. Serving as the initial defense of the innate immune system, neutrophils from the bone marrow and systemic circulation can mobilize to the location of bone injury, which is triggered by factors causing bone injury. They perform crucial roles in conjunction with the resident neutrophils at the site, including phagocytosis, degranulation, release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). During the process of bone healing, changes in neutrophil numbers, activities, phenotypes and effector functions may alter the final outcome of bone healing. This article reviews the regulatory role of neutrophils during bone healing and their effects on osteogenesis.