多疾病治疗潜能:二肽基肽酶4抑制剂的应用

The Potential for Multi-Disease Treatment: Applications of Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors

二肽基肽酶4 (Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4, DPP4)是一种跨膜蛋白,具有多种生物学功能,如参与血糖调节、免疫调节和炎症反应。DPP4以膜结合和可溶形式存在,广泛分布于多种组织和体液中。而DPP4抑制剂通过延长胰高血糖素样肽-1 (Glucagon-like peptide-1, GLP-1)和葡萄糖依赖性促胰岛素多肽(Glucose- dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, GIP)的半衰期,有效控制2型糖尿病(Type 2 diabetes, T2DM)的血糖水平。此外,DPP4抑制剂在动脉粥样硬化(AS)、高血压、心力衰竭、血脂异常和神经退行性疾病等方面也展示出良好的治疗效果。本文综述了DPP4及其抑制剂在多种疾病中的作用机制和临床应用,探讨了其在现代医学中的潜在价值。

Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP4) is a transmembrane protein with various biological functions, including involvement in glucose regulation, immune modulation, and inflammatory response. DPP4 exists in both membrane-bound and soluble forms and is widely distributed across multiple tissues and body fluids. DPP4 inhibitors effectively control blood glucose levels in Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) by extending the half-life of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). Additionally, DPP4 inhibitors have demonstrated promising therapeutic effects in conditions such as atherosclerosis (AS), hypertension, heart failure, dyslipidemia, and neurodegenerative diseases. This review summarizes the mechanisms and clinical applications of DPP4 and its inhibitors in various diseases, highlighting their potential value in modern medicine.