自身免疫性疾病与早发性卵巢功能不全的关系及相关机制

Relationship between Autoimmune Diseases and Premature Ovarian Insufficiency and Related Mechanisms

半数以上早发性卵巢功能不全(Premature ovarian insufficiency, POI)病因尚未明确,其中免疫因素占4%~30%。POI可单独发病,但有时也与自身免疫性疾病并存,如自身免疫性甲状腺疾病(AITD)、原发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症(Addsion病)、系统性红斑狼疮等。因免疫系统异常活跃,卵巢常为其相关攻击靶点,自身免疫抗体(抗卵巢抗体、类固醇自身抗体)、免疫细胞、肿瘤坏死因子α、白细胞介素6等与POI的免疫相关发病机制有着密切的联系。The etiology of more than half of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) has not been clarified, with immunologic factors accounting for 4%~30% of the cases. POI can develop alone, but sometimes coexists with autoimmune diseases, such as autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), primary chronic adrenocortical hypoplasia (Addsion disease), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and others. Due to the abnormal activity of the immune system, the ovary is often the target of attack, and autoimmune antibodies (anti-ovarian antibodies, steroid autoantibodies), immune cells, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin 6 are closely related to the immune-related pathogenesis of POI.