基质金属蛋白酶家族调控乳腺癌发展机制研究进展

Advances in the Study of Mechanisms by Which the Matrix Metalloproteinase Family Regulates the Development of Breast Cancer

目的:了解基质金属蛋白酶(matrix metalloproteinases, MMPs)家族调控乳腺癌发展及其机制研究的进展,以期为乳腺癌的基础研究及临床的诊断和治疗提供借鉴和帮助。方法:对近年来国内外关于MMPs调控乳腺癌发生、发展及其机制研究的相关文献进行综述。结果:MMPs家族中大多数成员的非正常表达均可导致细胞外基质降解、细胞侵袭和附着并显著加速上皮间质转化进程,从而促进HCC的侵袭及转移。目前与乳腺癌发展相关研究较多的MMPs包括MMP-1、2、3、7、9、10、11、13,14、26,其余MMPs家族成员与乳腺癌发展相关的研究还相对较有限。结论:MMPs家族(尤其是MMP-1、2、3、7、9、10、11、13,14、26)在增殖、侵袭、转移等进展过程中起十分重要的作用。进一步探索MMPs家族所有成员与乳腺癌发展可能存在的内在联系,对预测乳腺癌转移潜力和预后情况及开发新的或改进乳腺癌当前靶向抗癌疗法至关重要。Objective: To understand the research progress of the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) family regulating breast cancer development and its mechanisms, aiming to provide references and assistance for basic research, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of breast cancer. Methods: Recent domestic and international literature on the regulation of breast cancer occurrence and development by MMPs and their mechanisms was reviewed. Results: The abnormal expression of most members of the MMPs family can lead to extracellular matrix degradation, cell invasion, and attachment, significantly accelerating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process, thereby promoting the invasion and metastasis of breast cancer. Currently, the MMPs most frequently studied in relation to breast cancer development include MMP-1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 26, while research on other MMPs family members in relation to breast cancer development is relatively limited. Conclusions: The MMPs family (especially MMP-1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, and 26) plays a crucial role in the proliferation, invasion, and metastasis of breast cancer. Further exploration of the potential intrinsic connections between all members of the MMPs family and breast cancer development is essential for predicting metastasis potential and prognosis of breast cancer, as well as for developing new or improved current targeted anti-cancer therapies for breast cancer.