丙戊酸在治疗儿童癫痫中的安全性研究现况

Safety of Valproic Acid in the Treatment of Children with Epilepsy

丙戊酸作为一种经典的广谱抗癫痫药,具有多种抗癫痫机制,被广泛的用于治疗几乎所有类型的癫痫及癫痫综合征。尽管大量的研究已证明丙戊酸具有良好的安全性,但因儿童群体有着不同于成人的生理及药物代谢特点,一些药物不良反应,特别是与年龄相关的药物不良反应仍限制了其应用。因此,本文围绕丙戊酸的药理作用、药代谢动力学、儿童药物代谢特点以及成人与儿童药物不良反应的异同来对丙戊酸在治疗儿童癫痫中的安全性作出综述。Valproic acid (VPA), as a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug, is widely used in the treatment of almost all types of seizure, epilepsy and epilepsy syndrome due to its multiple mechanisms of action. Although numerous studies suggest the acceptable safety profile of VPA, some adverse drug reactions, especially those age-dependent, limit its application in children as the physiological and drug metabolism characteristics of children are different from adults. Herein, this article reviews the safety of VPA in the treatment of childhood by focusing on its action mechanisms, pharmacokinetics, characteristics of drug metabolism in children and similarities and differences of adverse drug reactions in adults and children.