2018~2022年丽江市居民死亡水平性别差异回顾性分析

Retrospective Analysis of Gender Differences in Death Level of Lijiang Residents from 2018 to 2022

目的:了解和掌握影响丽江市居民死亡性别差异的情况,提出更具针对性的预防控制措施,为政府制定疾病预防控制策略和有关政策提供科学依据。方法:收集2018~2022年丽江市死亡数据及人口数据,采用Excel、SPSS 21.0分性别计算死亡率、标化死亡率以及构成比等指标,并对数据进行统计学分析。结果:2018~2022年丽江市男性居民年均报告粗死亡率是854.63/10万,女性居民年均报告粗死亡率是667.88/10万,男性年均粗死亡率明显高于女性,死亡率差异有统计学意义(P Objective: To understand and master the gender difference of death among residents in Lijiang, and put forward more targeted prevention and control measures, so as to provide scientific basis for the government to formulate disease prevention and control strategies and related policies. Methods: Data of death and population in Lijiang from 2018 to 2022 were collected, and indicators such as mortality rate, standardized mortality rate and composition ratio were calculated by gender with Excel and SPSS 21.0, and the data were statistically analyzed. Results: From 2018 to 2022, the average annual reported crude death rate of male residents in Lijiang City was 854.63/100,000, while that of female residents was 667.88/100,000. The average annual crude death rate of male residents was significantly higher than that of female residents, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.01). The average annual standardized mortality rate of male residents is 922.84/100,000, and that of female residents is 553.90/100,000. The standardized mortality rate of male residents is significantly higher than that of female residents. There is no obvious difference in the age of death between men and women aged 0~29, but the difference gradually increases after 30 years old. The age of death for men aged 30~44 is 4.58% higher than that for women, that for men aged 45~64 is 13.85% higher than that for women, and that for women aged 65 and over is 18.67% higher than that for men. The total death rate of male residents due to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, malignant tumors, injuries and digestive diseases is 736.29/100,000, while that of female residents is 566.33/100,000. The total death rate of male residents due to five diseases is significantly higher than that of female residents, and the difference is statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The death level of male residents in Lijiang is significantly higher than that of female residents. The death toll of young and middle-aged men is higher than that of women, and the death toll of old men is significantly lower than that of women. The death level due to five diseases of men is also significantly higher than that of women. Men’s health has become a problem that can’t be ignored. Focus on the main reasons that affect the health of male residents in Lijiang and cause premature death, and take targeted prevention and control measures.