三萜类化合物抗非小细胞肺癌作用研究进展

Research Progress on the Anti-Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Effect of Triterpenoids

在全球范围内,肺癌是众多常见的恶性肿瘤类型之一,据已经明确的病例数据,非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)大约占据了85%。常由吸烟、职业环境、辐射、肺部慢性疾病史、遗传及大气污染等因素引起。依据目前指南,NSCLC治疗手段主要是以同步放化疗为主,根据患者肿瘤基因的特异性,选择相对应的治疗方式,例如靶向基因、免疫治疗、放疗为主,再辅以其他对症治疗,然而这些治疗手段或费用昂贵或常伴有不良反应。此外,耐药现象在非小细胞肺癌治疗的过程中常常出现。因此,发现新的治疗方式迫在眉睫。在我国,中草药因其显著的疗效和较少的副作用而受到越来越多的关注,在广泛的研究中,三萜类化合物在NSCLC中显示出对肿瘤明显的抑制作用,而A环收缩三萜类是其中的主要活性成分和抗肿瘤成分。Globally, lung cancer is one of the many common types of malignancies, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for approximately 85% of cases according to well-established case data. It is often caused by factors such as smoking, occupational environment, radiation, history of chronic lung diseases, genetics, and air pollution. According to the current guidelines, the treatment of NSCLC is mainly concurrent chemoradiotherapy, and according to the specificity of the patient’s tumor genes, the corresponding treatment modality is selected, such as targeted genes, immunotherapy, radiotherapy, supplemented by other symptomatic treatments, but these treatments are either expensive or often accompanied by adverse reactions. In addition, drug resistance often occurs during the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. Therefore, there is an urgent need to discover new treatment modalities. In China, Chinese herbal medicine has received more and more attention because of its significant efficacy and fewer side effects, and in extensive studies, triterpenoids have shown obvious inhibitory effects on tumors in NSCLC, and A-ring constriction triterpenoids are the main active ingredients and anti-tumor components.