胆管癌的靶向治疗研究进展

Research Progress in Targeted Therapy for Cholangiocarcinoma

胆管癌(CCA)是一种起源于胆管及其分支上皮的恶性肿瘤。由于其异质性高,早期没有特异性的临床指征,诊断常为晚期CCA。手术切除术后5年生存率(长期生存率)很差。吉西他滨联合铂类治疗方案已被用作晚期患者的一线化疗。近年来,针对多种恶性肿瘤的靶向治疗取得了长足进展,在晚期CCA中显示出良好的疗效和安全性。然而,目前CCA的靶向治疗仍存在不良反应、耐药性、个体差异等诸多挑战。因此,研究需要进一步深入探索CCA恶性肿瘤的靶向治疗机制,开发更有效、更安全的药物,并根据患者特点精准制定方案,以进一步改善患者未来的预后。本文综述了CCA靶向治疗的最新进展,旨在为CCA靶向治疗的研究和临床工作提供策略。Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a malignant tumor that originates from the epithelial epithelium of the bile ducts and their branches. Due to its high heterogeneity, there is no specific clinical indication for the early stage, and the diagnosis is often advanced CCA. The 5-year survival rate (long-term survival) after surgical resection is poor. Gemcitabine plus platinum-based regimens have been used as first-line chemotherapy for patients with advanced disease. In recent years, significant progress has been made in targeted therapy for a variety of malignancies, showing good efficacy and safety in advanced CCA. However, there are still many challenges in the targeted therapy of CCA, such as adverse reactions, drug resistance, and individual differences. Therefore, it is necessary to further explore the targeted therapy mechanism of CCA malignancies, develop more effective and safer drugs, and formulate precise plans according to the characteristics of patients to further improve the prognosis of patients in the future. This article reviews the latest advances in CCA-targeted therapy, aiming to provide strategies for the research and clinical work of CCA-targeted therapy.