尿源性干细胞及其外泌体对各系统组织损伤修复的研究进展

Research Progress of Urogenic Stem Cells and Their Exosomes on Tissue Damage Repair of Various Systems

目的:探究尿源性干细胞(USCs)在泌尿系统损伤与对其它系统的影响作用及其在组织工程方面的应用潜力。方法:以“尿源性干细胞”为关键词进行文献搜索,分析总结其生物学特性,包括增值能力和多向分化潜能以及对损伤修复的机制,评估USCs在泌尿系统损伤修复和其他领域的应用可能性。结果:尿源性干细胞具有间充质干细胞的生物学特性,并具有简单取材与较强的增值和多向分化能力。研究显示USCs可能起源于肾脏,可以通过释放外泌体与多种细胞因子等对泌尿系统损伤的进行修复,对再生医学与组织工程的研究提供了理想的“种子细胞”。结论:国内外大量研究表明尿源性干细胞的研究前景广阔,其在多个领域的应用潜力巨大,特别是在泌尿系统损伤修复方面,USCs显示出重要的研究价值和临床应用的潜力。Objective: To investigate the effects of urogenic stem cells (USCs) on urinary system injury and other systems and their potential application in tissue engineering. Methods: Using “urogenic stem cells” as the keyword, the literature search was conducted to analyze and summarize their biological characteristics, including the value-added ability, multi-differentiation potential and the mechanism of injury repair, so as to evaluate the application possibility of USCs in the repair of urinary system injury and other fields. Results: The urine-derived stem cells had the characteristics of mesenchymal stem cells, simple sampling and strong ability of multiplication and multidirectional differentiation. Studies have shown that USCs may originate in the kidney and can repair the damage of the urinary system by releasing exosomes and a variety of cytokines, providing an ideal “seed cell” for the research of regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. Conclusion: A large number of studies at home and abroad show that the research prospect of urogenic stem cells is broad, and their application potential in many fields is great. Especially in the repair of urinary system injury, USCs shows important research value and clinical application potential.