老年阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停相关发病机制的研究进展

Research Progress in the Pathogenesis of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in the Elderly

睡眠呼吸障碍(sleep disordered breathing, SDB)是老年人群中仅次于失眠的第二大睡眠障碍疾病,其中以阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(obstructive sleep apnea, OSA)最为常见。OSA是指睡眠过程中反复出现呼吸暂停和低通气,引起多器官功能损伤的临床综合征。OSA患病率随年龄增长而增加,好发于老年人,可严重降低老年人生活质量。随着人口老龄化进程加剧,老年OSA正引发全社会关注。目前,国内关于老年OSA具体发病机制的相关研究较少,探讨老年OSA的危险因素及发病机制,明确衰老在OSA发病中的作用及机制有望为老年OSA患者未来的个体化治疗提供依据。Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is the second to the insomnia sleep disorders in the elderly diseases, among them with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common. OSA refers to the clinical syndrome of multiple organ function impairment caused by repeated apnea and hypopnea during sleep. The prevalence of OSA increases with age and tends to occur in the elderly, which can seriously reduce the quality of life of the elderly. With the acceleration of population aging process, elderly OSA is attracting the attention of the whole society. At present, there are few relevant studies on the specific pathogenesis of elderly OSA in China. To explore the risk factors and pathogenesis of elderly OSA, and clarify the role and mechanism of aging in the pathogenesis of OSA is expected to provide a basis for future individualized treatment of elderly OSA patients.