特发性膜性肾病的治疗研究进展

Research Progress on the Treatment of Idiopathic Membranous Nephropathy

特发性膜性肾病(IMN)的诊断依赖于病史、临床表现和实验室检查,如尿液、血清蛋白电泳等。肾脏组织病理学检查和免疫荧光检测是确诊关键步骤。治疗方面,糖皮质激素是首选,但长期使用带来风险,因此研究着眼于免疫抑制剂和生物制剂。个体化治疗、支持性治疗和新技术(如免疫吸附治疗、基因编辑)是未来发展的方向。多中心研究和精准医学将为治疗带来新思路。The diagnosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy (IMN) depends on medical history, clinical manifestations, and laboratory tests such as urine and serum protein electrophoresis. Pathological examination of kidney tissue and immunofluorescence testing are key steps for diagnosis. In terms of treatment, glucocorticoids are the preferred choice, but long-term use carries risks, so research focuses on immunosuppressants and biologics. Individualized therapy, supportive therapy, and new technologies such as immunoadsorption therapy and gene editing are the directions for future development. Multi center research and precision medicine will bring new ideas to treatment.