身体质量指数对围手术期疼痛影响的研究进展

Research Progress on the Effect of Body Mass Index on Perioperative Pain

身体质量指数(Body Mass Index, BMI)是评估体重状态的常用工具,其计算公式为体重(kg)除以身高(m2)的平方。BMI可以分类为正常体重(18.5~24.9 kg/m2)、超重(25~29.9 kg/m2)和肥胖(≥30 kg/m2)。肥胖不仅增加了多种健康风险,如心血管疾病、糖尿病和高血压,还对围手术期的疼痛管理产生了重要影响。围手术期疼痛管理涵盖术前评估、术中疼痛控制以及术后疼痛管理,对患者的恢复和生活质量有着深远的影响。因此,研究BMI对围手术期疼痛的影响具有重要的临床意义。本综述旨在系统总结BMI对围手术期疼痛的影响。通过回顾当前研究成果,为临床实践提供改进疼痛管理策略的参考,以提高肥胖患者的术后恢复质量。Body Mass Index (BMI) is a common tool for assessing weight status. Its calculation formula is weight (kg) divided by the square of height (m2). BMI can be classified into normal weight (18.5~24.9 kg/m2), overweight (25~29.9 kg/m2) and obesity (≥30 kg/m2). Obesity not only increases a variety of health risks, such as cardiovascular disease, diabetes and hypertension, but also has an important impact on pain management during the perioperative period. Perioperative pain management covers preoperative evaluation, intraoperative pain control and postoperative pain management, which has a profound impact on patients’ recovery and quality of life. Therefore, it is of great clinical significance to study the effect of BMI on perioperative pain. This review aims to systematically summarize the impact of BMI on perioperative pain. By reviewing the current research results, it provides references for clinical practice to improve pain management strategies to improve the quality of postoperative recovery of obese patients.