外泌体与椎间盘退变关系的研究进展

Research Progress on the Relationship between Exosomes and Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

椎间盘退变是一种复杂的与年龄相关的生物学改变,受到多种因素影响。随着人口老龄化和生活方式的改变,其发病率不断上升,给社会带来沉重负担。外泌体作为细胞间交流的重要媒介,在椎间盘退变过程中具有关键作用。本文详细综述了外泌体的基本特性,深入探讨了其在椎间盘退变中的作用机制,包括对髓核细胞功能、炎症反应、细胞外基质代谢和细胞间通讯的影响,并阐述了基于外泌体的治疗策略以及面临的挑战与展望,旨在为椎间盘退变的研究和治疗提供新的思路。Intervertebral disc degeneration is a complex age-related biological change affected by multiple factors. With the aging of the population and the change of lifestyle, its incidence is increasing, which brings a heavy burden to society. As an important medium of intercellular communication, exosomes play a key role in the process of intervertebral disc degeneration. In this paper, the basic properties of exosomes are reviewed in detail, and the mechanism of action of exosomes in intervertebral disc degeneration is discussed in detail, including their effects on nucleus pulposus cell function, inflammatory response, extracellular matrix metabolism and intercellular communication. In addition, exosome-based therapeutic strategies, challenges and prospects are described, with the aim of providing new ideas for the research and treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration.