中西医结合治疗肝细胞癌研究进展

Research Progress in the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Combination of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

肝细胞癌是我国常见的消化系统恶性肿瘤,其病因复杂,致病因素广泛,病程进展快,预后差,死亡率高,是严重威胁人类生命健康的疾病之一。目前对于肝细胞癌的治疗,西医方面主要是手术早期切除、肝移植、局部消融治疗、放疗、化疗和免疫治疗等,虽然取得不错的疗效,但仍存在生存率不高,不良反应与复发等问题。综合当前各种治疗方法,不断寻求最优治疗方案显得尤为重要。中医药是一个伟大的宝库,距今已有5000多年的历史,在西医传入之前对华夏人民生命健康作出了巨大的贡献,在西医传入之后,中医药凭借独有的理论和辨证施治的优势依然发挥着不可替代的作用。中医把肝细胞癌病机归结为肝郁脾虚、气滞血瘀、湿热毒聚、肝肾阴虚、气阴两虚,注重辨证论治的个体化治疗,并且始终重视正气的作用,强调整体调节,无论肝细胞癌发展到哪种时期,都可以进行中医药治疗,并且可以配合针刺、艾灸、穴位敷贴等中医特色治疗方法,有效缓解患者临床症状。因此中西医结合治疗肝细胞癌可以优势互补,是降低术后复发率、减少副作用、提高生存率的有效措施。Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor of digestive system in China. It has complex etiology, extensive pathogenic factors, rapid course of disease, poor prognosis and high mortality. It is one of the diseases that seriously threaten human life and health. At present, for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, western medicine mainly focuses on early surgical resection, liver transplantation, local ablation therapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy, etc. Although good efficacy has been achieved, there are still problems such as low survival rate, adverse reactions and recurrence. Considering all kinds of current treatment methods, it is particularly important to constantly seek the best treatment plan. Traditional Chinese medicine is a great treasure house with a history of more than 5000 years. Before the introduction of Western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine made great contributions to the life and health of the Chinese people. After the introduction of western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine still plays an irreplaceable role with its unique theories and advantages of syndrome differentiation and treatment. TCM ascribed hepatocellular carcinoma to liver stagnation and spleen deficiency, qi stagnation and blood stasis, dampness-heat toxic accumulation, liver and kidney Yin deficiency, qi and Yin deficiency. It pays attention to individual treatment based on syndrome differentiation, and always attaches importance to the role of positive qi, emphasizing overall regulation. No matter what stage hepatocellular carcinoma develops to, TCM treatment can be performed, and it can be combined with acupuncture, moxibustion, acupoint application and other TCM-characteristic treatment methods, effective relieving of patients’ clinical symptoms. Therefore, the combination of traditional Chinese and western medicine in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma can complement each other’s advantages, and is an effective measure to reduce the postoperative recurrence rate, reduce side effects and improve the survival rate.