人工晶状体巩膜固定术的研究进展

Review of the Advancements in Scleral Fixation Techniques for Intraocular Lenses

在各种原因(外伤、术中后囊膜破裂、晶状体脱位等)导致的无充足囊袋支撑的情况下,常规的人工晶状体(Intraocular lens, IOL)植入方案实施困难。房角支撑型IOL和虹膜夹持型IOL因其较多的并发症现已不作为常规选择,因此,IOL巩膜固定术成为目前无充足囊膜支撑时的主流术式。从有缝线的IOL巩膜悬吊到无缝线的IOL巩膜层间固定,再到新型巩膜固定IOL的研发,术者们致力于提高手术效果的同时简化手术操作和减少术后并发症的发生,IOL巩膜固定手术技术得以不断改进,本文就IOL巩膜固定术的进展进行综述。Conventional intraocular lens (IOL) implantation is challenging in cases where sufficient capsular support is compromised due to various factors, such as trauma, intraoperative capsular rupture or lens dislocation. Angle-supported anterior chamber IOL and iris-clamp IOL are not standard options due to their associated complications. As a result, scleral fixation of the IOL has become the predominant choice in scenarios without sufficient capsular support. The evolution from sutured scleral suspension techniques for IOL to sutureless interscleral fixation methods and the introduction of novel scleral fixation IOL designs reflects surgeons’ efforts to improve surgical outcomes, streamline procedures and minimize postoperative complications. As a result, surgical techniques for scleral fixation of IOL continue to evolve. This article provides an overview of recent developments in scleral fixation of IOL.