浅析马尔库塞的自由观

The Analysis of Marcuse’s Freethinking

马尔库塞及其代表作《单向度的人》立足于对极权社会下“人的生存结构层面的异化”的批判,提出了大量关于人类生存境况的思考以及人类解放的自由思想,披露了发达工业文明下的极权社会对于人类自由的压抑与欺骗,本文旨在从单向度理论出发,通过揭示人类社会由物质匮乏走向自由匮乏,并发展为极权社会的原因,从而总结出极权统治的特征,推论出马尔库塞对于自由社会的表述线索和规定性设想。

Based on the criticism of the alienation happened to human’s survival structure in the totalitarian society, Marcuse, in his book “One Dimensional Man”, pointed out a wealth of reflection for the living conditions and liberation of contemporary people, revealing the oppression and deception of human freedom caused by the advanced industrial society. Taking “One Dimensional Theory” as a reference, according to uncover the reasons why human society moves from “material deprivation” to “freedom deprivation” and finally develops into a totalitarian society, this paper mainly summarizes the characteristics of totalitarian rule, and deduces Marcuse’s prescriptive assumption for a free society.