从“物质文化需要”到“美好生活需要”——基于马克思需要理论的研究视域

From “Material and Cultural Needs” to “Better Life Needs”—A Research Perspective Based on Marx’s Needs Theory

党的十九大报告明确指出,中国特色社会主义进入新时代,社会主要矛盾已经由“人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾”转化为“人民日益增长的美好生活的需要和不平衡不充分的发展之间的矛盾”。这一转化的学理渊源就在于马克思的需要理论,站在新时代的高度上通过考察马克思需要理论的出场路径、理论内涵和时代价值,从而更好的把握马克思需要理论的精神实质,这对于理解新时代我国社会主要矛盾的转变具有重要现实意义。

The report of the Nineteenth National Congress of the CPC clearly points out that when socialism with Chinese characteristics enters a new era, the main social contradictions have changed from “the contradiction between people’s growing material and cultural needs and backward social production” to “the contradiction between people’s growing need for a better life and unbalanced and inadequate development”. The theoretical origin of this transformation lies in Marx’s needs theory. Standing at the height of the new era, we can better grasp the spiritual essence of Marx’s needs theory by investigating its presence path, theoretical connotation and time value, which is of great practical significance to understand the transformation of the main social contradictions in the new era.