早期马克思对社会贫困问题的探索

Early Marx’s Exploration of the Social Poverty Problem

贫困问题是一个世界性的难题。近代以来,贫困成为一种社会现象,人们才真正地注意到贫困的社会性存在以及对社会发展的影响。马克思在剖析资本主义社会的过程中对贫困问题做了一系列的考察,经历了漫长的过程,马克思的贫困并非“空中楼阁”,而是具有成熟的理论基础,马克思的贫困理论分散于马克思各个时期的著作之中。学术界对马克思的贫困理论主要集中在其晚期,而本文主要研究马克思早期对社会贫困问题的探索,这有益于马克思贫困理论的完整性、系统性。

Poverty is a worldwide problem. Since modern times, poverty has become a social phenomenon, and people really pay attention to the social existence of poverty and its impact on social development. Marx made a series of investigations on poverty in the process of analyzing capitalist society, and experienced a long process. Marx’s poverty is not a “castle in the air”, but has a mature theoretical basis. Marx’s poverty theory is scattered in Marx's works of various periods. The academic circle of Marx’s poverty theory is mainly concentrated in his late period, and this paper mainly studies Marx’s early exploration of social poverty, which is beneficial to the integrity and systematization of Marx’s poverty theory.