《国民经济学批判大纲》中的生态思想和当代价值

Ecological Thought and Contemporary Value of Critical Outline of National Economics

恩格斯的《国民经济学批判大纲》被马克思称为“批判经济学范畴的天才大纲”,其中蕴含着丰富的生态思想。恩格斯揭示了自然力在社会发展中的重要作用,并认为其是生产力系统中不可或缺的重要因素;同时,恩格斯对人与自然关系异化作了政治经济学分析,揭示了私有制是人与自然关系异化的制度根源;并以此为武器批判了马尔萨斯的人口论以及资产阶级经济学的反人道本质;指出了只有消灭资产阶级私有制,发展科学技术才能解决人与自然之间的异化。深入研究《国民经济学批判大纲》,有助于系统理解和把握马克思主义生态思想,对于推进社会主义生态文明建设,促进人类文明新形态发展和完善具有十分重要的现实意义和指导意义。

Engels’ Critical Outline of National Economics is called “Genius Outline of Critical Economics” by Marx, which contains rich ecological thoughts. Engels revealed the important role of natural forces in social development and thought that they were indispensable and important factors in the productivity system. At the same time, Engels made a political and economic analysis of the alienation of the relationship between man and nature, revealing that private ownership is the institutional root of the alienation of the relationship between man and nature;and took this as a weapon to criticize Malthus’s population theory and the anti-humanity essence of bourgeois economics. It is pointed out that only by eliminating bourgeois private ownership and developing science and technology can the alienation between man and nature be solved. In-depth study of Critical Outline of National Economics is helpful to systematically understand and grasp Marxist ecological thought, and has very important practical and guiding significance for promoting the construction of socialist ecological civilization and promoting the development and perfection of new forms of human civilization.