浅析《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中的异化思想及其当代价值

On the Alienation Thought and Its Contemporary Value of Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844

马克思在批判总结黑格尔精神异化观和费尔巴哈人本唯物主义异化论等前人哲学思考的基础上,结合所处现实社会于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》中提出了异化劳动理论,成为该著作最核心的观点之一。它不仅丰富了马克思关于政治经济学的研究,也为当时欧洲社会无产阶级的阶级斗争提供了有力的理论指导。它主要包括劳动产品异化、劳动过程异化、人的类本质异化以及人与人之间的异化四个方面的内容。随着社会历史条件的发展,马克思主义劳动异化理论非但没有过时,反而指引着世人对当今社会乱象进行反思,具有极其重要的现实意义,使其成为马克思主义发展史研究领域不断深入探讨的永恒课题。

On the basis of criticizing and summarizing Hegel’s view of spiritual alienation and Feuerbach’s theory of humanistic materialism alienation and other predecessors’ philosophical thinking, Marx put forward the theory of labor alienation in the Economic and Philosophical Manuscript of 1844, which became one of the core viewpoints of the book. It not only enriched Marx’s research on political economy, but also provided a powerful theoretical guidance for the proletariat’s class struggle in European society at that time. It mainly includes four aspects: alienation of labor products, alienation of labor process, alienation of human essence and alienation between people. With the development of social and historical conditions, the Marxist theory of labor alienation is not out of date, but guides the world to reflect on the current social chaos, which has extremely important practical significance, making it an eternal topic that is constantly discussed in the field of Marxist development history research.