弗洛姆人本主义伦理学中关于“人”的思考

Reflections on “Human” in Fromm’s Humanistic Ethics

将人作为自己研究的基础是弗洛姆的基本研究方向,在弗洛姆的毕生研究中,他着重对人的性格结构、伦理学、人性规范等一系列方向进行了独到的研究,形成了具体的体系。弗洛姆通过系统的观察现代西方工业社会下的人性的异化,提出了他独有的见解——人本主义伦理学。他所提出的这一学说主要是想解决当代时期社会下的“如何健全人和社会”的这一沉重问题,从而实现他的终极目标——“全人类的全面发展”这一最终目标。弗洛姆在对人与自身问题的思考以及健康人格的培养和塑造等方面在当前社会主义市场经济条件下,对我们现在社会和当代思想有很大的启发。弗洛姆作为西方法兰克福学派的主要代表人物之一,丰富和发展了马克思人本主义的思想,在对弗洛伊德的精神分析学和马克思的异化劳动理论等方面也有着重大的研究成果。

Taking people as the basis of his research is the basic direction of Fromm’s research. In his lifelong research, Fromm focused on a series of directions such as human character structure, ethics and human nature norms, and formed a specific system. Fromm systematically observed the alienation of human nature under the modern western industrial society, and put forward his unique view—humanistic ethics. This theory he put forward mainly wants to solve the heavy problem of “how to healthy people and society” under the contemporary society, so as to achieve his ultimate goal—“the all-round development of all mankind”. Fromm’s thinking about people and their own problems, as well as the cultivation and shaping of healthy personality and other aspects under the current socialist market economy conditions, have a great inspiration to our current society and contemporary thoughts. As one of the main representatives of the Frankfurt School in the West, Fromm enriched and developed Marx’s humanistic thought, and also had significant research achievements in the aspects of Freud’s psychoanalysis and Marx’s alienation of labor theory.