哈贝马斯“交往理性”思想及其时代价值

Habermas’s “Communicative Rationality” Thought and Its Era Value

德国哲学家、社会学家哈贝马斯在批判和继承韦伯的合理化理论、米德的语言交往理论、胡塞尔的生活世界理论以及法兰克福学派工具理性批判理论的基础上,深入批判了工具理性主义,并且主张重建理性主义。哈贝马斯希望通过建立“交往理性”概念,使交往主体实现交往行为的合理化,解决社会的合理化危机,进而使人类逐渐摆脱生活世界的殖民化,并且让人们重新回归交往的生活世界。交往理性概念的提出是对工具理性的批判与超越,不仅克服了工具理性的弊端,还推动了理性主义的发展,同时对于当代社会的发展具有极其重要的理论价值与启发意义。

On the basis of criticizing and inheriting Weber’s rationalization theory, Mead’s language communication theory, Husserl’s life world theory and Frankfurt School’s critical theory of instrumental rationality, Habermas, a German philosopher and sociologist, deeply criticized instrumental rationalism and advocated the reconstruction of rationalism. Habermas hopes that by establishing the concept of “communicative rationality”, the communicative subject can realize the rationalization of communicative behavior, solve the crisis of social rationalization, and then gradually get rid of the colonization of the life world, and let people return to the life world of communication. The concept of communicative rationality is a critique and transcendence of instrumental rationality. It not only overcomes the disadvantages of instrumental rationality, but also promotes the development of rationalism. At the same time, it has extremely important theoretical value and enlightening significance for the development of contemporary society.