马克思对资本权力的批判——基于《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的思考

Marx’s Critique of Capital Power—On the Basis of Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844

资本的唯一目的就是使自己在运动中增殖,资本不会停下可以使自己谋取利益的脚步,相反,为了获取更多、更大的利益还会无所不用其极,资本权力也会随之增大。在《1844年经济学哲学手稿》的论述之下,马克思认为资本主义对社会的统治是具有双重性质的,从而展开了对古典政治经济学与近代形而上学的双重批判。马克思认为资本是一种对他人劳动及产品的支配权力,某种意义上来说,资本本身就是一种权力。本文通过探讨资本与资本权力的深刻内涵来掌握资本权力批判的理论依据。通过论述马克思资本权力批判的主要内容,进而深刻理解资本权力的扬弃的必然性。扬弃资本主义生产下的私有财产,共产主义实践运动必将是其现实路径。

The only purpose of capital is to multiply itself in the movement. Capital will not stop its steps to make profits. On the contrary, in order to obtain more and greater interests, it will do everything, and the power of capital will increase accordingly. Under the exposition of Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844, Marx thought that capitalism’s ruling over society was dual in nature, thus launching the double criticism of classical political economy and modern metaphysics. Marx believed that capital was a kind of power over other people’s labor and products. In a sense, capital itself is a kind of power. By exploring the deep connotation of capital and capital power, we grasp the theoretical basis of capital power criticism. Through discussing the main content of Marx’s criticism of capital power, we can profoundly understand the necessity to abolish capitalist power. Abolishing private property under capitalist production and the practice of communism will inevitably be the realistic path forward.