德性正义和制度正义的结合探讨——基于亚里士多德和罗尔斯的正义观

Discussion on the Combination of Moral Justice and Institutional Justice—Based on Aristotle and Rawls’ View of Justice

正义是当代社会良性运转的重要基石,现今西方社会崇尚的制度正义是建立在群体的社会理性基础之上的,这种制度正义已愈发不能使社会处于均衡平稳的状态。诚然,制度正义体现了人类社会制度的进步,然而过分倚重建立在集体理性基础上的制度理性,使得德性过分缺失。以历史和逻辑的视角回溯亚里士多德的正义观,在阐释罗尔斯社会制度正义观的基础上探讨德性正义与当代制度正义结合的可能性,是探索现代社会伦理治理方式的现实路径。

Justice is an important cornerstone of the benign operation of the contemporary society. The institutional justice advocated by the western society is built on the basis of the social rationality of the group. This kind of institutional justice has increasingly failed to make the society in a balanced and stable state. Indeed, institutional justice reflects the progress of human social system, but the excessive reliance on institutional rationality based on collective rationality leads to excessive lack of virtue. This paper will recall Aristotle’s concept of justice, try to break through the previous prejudice to Aristotle’s moral ethics, and try to explore the possibility of combining moral justice with contemporary institutional justice on the basis of explaining Rawls’s concept of social system justice, in order to provide reference for modern social governance.