赫斯的货币、交往理论及其对青年马克思思想的影响

Hess’s Theory of Money, Interaction and Its Influence on the Thought of the Young Marx

赫斯所提出的货币和交往理论对马克思早期思想有着重要的影响。在《论货币的本质》中,赫斯借助费尔巴哈“类本质”和“宗教异化”的概念,对资本主义社会中货币的产生、本质及人与人之间的现实交往关系进行了深入的思考,认为现实社会中人与人的交往活动表现为货币的异化,货币成了异化了的人的类本质。从赫斯的“交换领域”到马克思的“生产领域”,从赫斯的“交往异化”到马克思的“劳动异化”,赫斯的货币和交往理论深刻地影响着青年马克思思想的转变。

Hess’s theory of money and interaction had an important influence on Marx’s early thought. In On the Nature of Money, Hess, with the help of Feuerbach’s concepts of “class essence” and “religious alienation,” gives an in-depth consideration to the emergence and nature of money in capitalist society and the real relationship between human interaction. He believes that the interaction between people in the real society is manifested in the alienation of money, which becomes the essence of alienated people. From Hess’s “field of exchange” to Marx’s “field of production,” from Hess’s “alienation of interaction” to Marx’s “alienation of labor,” Hess’s money and money are the same as each other. Hess’s theory of money and interaction profoundly influenced the transformation of young Marx’s thought.