论马克思人的本质及其新时代价值——基于《德意志意识形态》

On Marx’s Human Nature and Its Value in the New Era—Based on the German Ideology

人的本质问题是马克思人学中的核心问题。马克思对人本质的探讨在其著作中均可体现。其中,《德意志意识形态》是马克思人本质思想成熟的重要标志。马克思人本质思想形成了一个完整的系统。“现实的人”是探讨人本质问题逻辑起点,“人的需要”是人本质思想的内在动力,“人的全面自由的发展”是人本质所追求的终极目标。马克思的人本质思想也对中国革命、改革、建设的道路有着深邃的影响。中国式现代化是人民的现代化,马克思的人学对其有重要的借鉴意义。

The essence of man is the core of Marx’s study of man. Marx’s discussion of human nature can be reflected in his works. Among them, the German Ideology is an important symbol of the maturity of Marx’s thought on human nature. Marx’s thought of human nature has formed a complete system. “Realistic man” is the logical starting point for exploring the question of human essence, “human needs” is the inner driving force of human essence thought, and “human comprehensive and free development” is the ultimate goal pursued by human essence. Marx’s thought of human nature also has a profound influence on the road of Chinese revolution, reform and construction. The Chinese modernization is the modernization of the people, and Marx’s study of human is of great significance for reference.