德性伦理视域下孔子与亚里士多德伦理思想及其德育价值探析

Confucius and Aristotle’s Ethical Thought and Their Moral Education Values from the Perspective of Virtue Ethics

作为相同历史时代中西方哲学思想的集大成者,孔子与亚里士多德的伦理思想都着眼于道德主体的德性养成,既具有目的归旨、核心内涵、理论方法等本质取向上的融通性,即以“道”与“至善”为目的指向和道德理想,以“德性”伦理为核心内涵观,以“中庸”与“中道”为理论方法;又存在话语逻辑、实现路径、发展方向等不同历史文化基因下的差异性,表现在思维论证与推演过程,德性生成及至善理想的实现,道德目标指向的侧重与现实出路等方面。其伦理思想在当代仍具德育向度及德育价值,尤其在价值导向、过程方法、内容体系等方面对课程思政建设具有现实意义。

As the epitome of Western philosophy in the same historical era, Confucius and Aristotle’s ethical thoughts both focus on the cultivation of virtue of moral subject, which has the fusion of purpose, core connotation, theoretical methods and other essential orientations, namely, “Tao” and “the best” are the purpose orientation and moral ideal, “virtue” ethics is the core connotation, and “the mean” and “the middle way” are the theoretical methods;There are differences under different historical and cultural genes such as discourse logic, implementation paths, and development directions, which are manifested in the process of thinking argumentation and deduction, the generation of virtue and the realization of the ideal of goodness, the emphasis on moral goals and practical solutions. Its ethical ideas still have moral education dimensions and values in contemporary times, especially in terms of value orientation, process methods, content systems, etc., which have practical significance for the ideological and political construction of courses.