马克思与蒲鲁东的思想分歧研究

Research on Thought Differences betweenMarx and Proudhon

马克思在《哲学的贫困》中运用唯物主义的辩证法和历史观,从经济领域与哲学领域对蒲鲁东进行双重批判,从而找到贫困问题产生的真正根源。并且,马克思通过批判蒲鲁东忽视矛盾的对立统一,批判蒲鲁东的新发现“构成价值理论”的不合理性,批判蒲鲁东生产关系的形而上学,从而完成了对《贫困的哲学》的回答。对蒲鲁东的批判是马克思思想发展的重要阶段,正是因为有对蒲鲁东关于社会主义思想和基于唯心主义视角的深刻批判,才有之后历史唯物主义的理论基础以及科学社会主义形成和发展。

In The Poverty of Philosophy, Marx used the materialist dialectics and historical view to criticize Proudhon from the economic field and the philosophical field, so as to find the real source of poverty. Moreover, Marx completed the answer to The Philosophy of Poverty by criticizing Proudhon for ignoring the unity of opposites of contradictions, criticizing the irrationality of Proudhon's new discovery of "constitutive value theory" and criticizing Proudhon's metaphysics of production relations. Criticisms of Proudhon is important stages in the development of Marx’s thought, it is because of Proudhon about socialism and profound criticism, based on the perspective of idealism is after the basic theory of historical materialism and the formation and development of scientific socialism.