劳动视域下有关马克思的“人的解放”的考查

An Examination of Marx’s “Human Emancipation” from the Perspective of Labor

“人的解放”思想作为马克思主义哲学的主题,一直以来都是学术界研究的焦点问题。“人的解放”思想贯穿于马克思的整个思想发展体系,它是马克思基于辩证唯物主义和历史唯物主义的研究成果下的一种实现人的全面发展的科学。马克思通过深入无产阶级的革命实践,总结前人的先进思想,最终在批判资本主义制度,探索社会本质发展规律的过程中提出了“人的解放”思想。“人的解放”思想以现实的人为根本前提,历经政治经济学的批判,最终指向人的自由和全面发展。本文首先将依据马克思的经典文本,梳理其“人的解放”思想的形成过程,其次重点关注劳动这一概念在“人的解放”中所起到的重要作用,最后为“人的解放”思想的时代运用和中国特色社会主义建设提供一点思考。

As the theme of Marxist philosophy, the idea of “human emancipation” has always been the focus of research in academic circles. The idea of “human emancipation” runs through Marx’s entire ideo-logical development system, and it is a science that realizes the all-round development of human beings under the research results of Marx based on dialectical materialism and historical material-ism. By going deep into the revolutionary practice of the proletariat, Marx summed up the advanced ideas of his predecessors, and finally put forward the idea of “human emancipation” in the process of criticizing the capitalist system and exploring the law of the essential development of society. The idea of “human emancipation” takes the real man as the fundamental premise, and after the criticism of political economy, it finally points to the freedom and all-round development of man. Based on Marx’s classic texts, this paper will first sort out the formation process of Marx’s idea of “human emancipation”, then focus on the important role played by the concept of labor in “human emancipation”, and finally provide some thoughts for the application of the idea of “human emancipation” and the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.