孔德实证主义社会学研究

Research on the Positivist Sociology by Comte

法国哲学家孔德创立实证主义哲学流派,提出社会学概念,将其实证主义思想引入社会学。孔德把人类社会看做一个有机的整体,借助自然科学的研究方法,通过观察和实验研究一般社会现象,以求找到社会中不变的规律。孔德从横向和纵向视角将社会学分为社会静力学和社会动力学,认为社会在秩序中进步,他建立的社会学体系对后来的各类社会学派系具有启迪作用,影响深远,但也存在一些局限之处,研究孔德实证主义社会学,有助于加深对马克思主义社会学的认识,对马克思主义社会学的发展有一定意义。

French philosopher Comte founded the school of positivism philosophy, put forward the concept of sociology, and introduced his positivism thought into sociology. Comte regarded human society as an organic whole, and studied general social phenomena through observation and examination, in order to find the unchanging laws in society. Comte divides sociology into social statics and soci- al dynamics from a horizontal and vertical perspective, and believes that society progresses in or- der. For some limitations, the study of Comte's positivist sociology will help to deepen the underst- anding of Marxist sociology and has certain significance for the development of Marxist sociology.