试论恩格斯的婚姻家庭观与现实启示——基于《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》

A Test of Engels’ View of Marriage and Family and the Reality of Revelation—Based on The Origins of the Family, Private Ownership, and the State

《家庭、私有制和国家的起源》是恩格斯的一本有关婚姻和家庭关系的名著,对前人和马克思的婚姻家庭思想进行了批判吸收与继承发展,并将婚姻家庭的历史演变与人类社会历史发展时期相结合,从而有利于进行更深入的研究。本文通过对婚姻家庭的发展阶段进行了系统分析,揭示了人类社会早期婚姻家庭发展的特征及演变的历史轨迹,并对人类社会发展阶段做了简要概括,总结出蒙昧时代、野蛮时代和文明时代这三个时期,经历了一段由群婚制到一夫一妻制的历史演进过程。当前,我国的婚姻家庭正处于一个关键的阶段,如何正确地把握和应对当前的新形势,促进婚姻家庭的健康发展,对我国的婚姻家庭发展具有重大的启示。

The Origins of the Family, Private Ownership, and of the State, Engels’ masterpiece on marriage and family relations, critically assimilates and develops the ideas of its predecessors and those of Marx, and combines the historical evolution of marriage and the family with the period of the historical development of human societies, thus favouring a more in-depth study. Through a systematic analysis of the stages of the development of marriage and the family, this paper reveals the characteristics of the development of marriage and the family in the early days of human society and the historical trajectory of its evolution, and makes a brief summary of the stages of the development of human society, concluding that the three periods of the Age of Obscurity, the Age of Barbarism and the Age of Civilisation have gone through a period of historical evolution from the system of group marriages to the system of monogamy. At present, our country’s marriage and family are at a critical stage. How to correctly grasp and respond to the current new situation and promote the healthy development of marriage and family is a major inspiration for the development of our country’s marriage and family.